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Choice on Termination of Pregnancy Act, 1996
The Choice on Termination of Pregnancy Act, 1996 (Act No. 92 of 1996) ("the Act") is the law governing abortion in South Africa. It allows abortion on demand up to the twelfth week of pregnancy, under broadly specified circumstances from the thirteenth to the twentieth week, and only for serious medical reasons after the twentieth week. The Act has been described by the Guttmacher Institute as "one of the most liberal abortion laws in the world".
==History==
Before the enactment of the Choice on Termination of Pregnancy Act, abortion was governed by the Abortion and Sterilization Act, 1975, which only allowed abortions when the woman's mental or physical health was seriously threatened, there was a likelihood that the child would be born with a severe handicap, or the pregnancy was the result of rape or incest. It required the approval of two doctors independent of the one performing the abortion, and in some cases also of a psychiatrist or a magistrate.
The Choice on Termination of Pregnancy Act was introduced in the first post-Apartheid parliament. It implemented the statement in the governing African National Congress' policy framework that "every woman must have the right to choose whether or not to have an early termination of pregnancy according to her own beliefs". Although it was requested that parliament members be allowed to vote according to their personal beliefs, the ruling party ruled that its own members may not vote against the act, and the Act passed by 209 votes to 87 (5 abstained, 99 were absent). It came into force on 1 February 1997.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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